As Paul finishes this letter and his defence of his ministry, he reminds the Corinthians of the Old Testament principle of charges being established by two or three witnesses (v1). Unkind and unsubstantiated criticisms are a very dangerous problem within the church. Paul when he next visits will exercise discipline as an apostle against those who have greatly harmed the fellowship and his reputation (v2-4). This is not a personal vendetta but criticisers need to be dealt with because of their serious spiritual impact.

People full of criticisms need to examine themselves to be sure they’re right with the Lord (v5-6). People who oppose faithful biblical ministries are in real danger of deceiving themselves about being right with the Lord.

Paul’s final words (v10-14) show his pastoral heart, and his longing not for conflict but for joy, restoration, comfort, agreement, peace and love to be the continuing fruit of his ministry. We need to pray for these things to abound in our lives and church fellowship.